Pristimantis pictus Oliveira, Silva, Silva, Guimarães, Penhacek, Martínez, Rodrigues, Santana & Hernández-Ruz, 2020
| family: Strabomantidae genus: Pristimantis |
Species Description: de Oliveira EA, LA da Silva, EAP Silva, KLA Guimarães, M Penhacek, JG Martínez, LRR Rodrigues, DJ Santana, EJ Hernández-Ruz. 2020. Four new species of Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870 (Anura: Craugastoridae) in the eastern Amazon. PLoS One 15: e0229971. |
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Description DIAGNOSIS: One can distinguish P. pictus from P. giorgii because yellow spots are present in P. pictus, but not P. giorgii. The vocalization of the P. pictus is composed of 4 to 5 notes, unlike the P. latro whose vocalization is composed of 7 notes. These characters, in addition to a laterally granular belly and webbing in toes in P. pictus differentiate it from P. valarsi, which has an absence of yellow spots, an eight note call, a smooth belly, and no toe webbing. Lastly, P. samaipatae has an immaculate white belly, whereas P. pictus has a white belly with randomly scattered black dots (de Olivera et al. 2020). COLORATION: In life, the dorsum of P. pictus is reddish in color with yellow dots adorning the flanks to form a separation between the off-white lateral venter. The front and back limbs show dark brown bars, and the posterior thigh surface is dotted with yellow spots on a brown background. These yellow spots reach the groin area that extends across the lateral half of its body. The belly is white and has tiny black dots scattered about randomly. A weak canthal stripe is present, a labial bar, and the iris is golden at the top and bottom and mostly red in the anterior and the posterior region. In preservative, the dorsum becomes brown and the bands on the snout fades. The yellow posterior spots on the thighs become white (de Olivera et al. 2020). VARIATION: On average, females are larger than males and there is some variation in skin texture and coloration. Generally, the intensity of the shagreen dorsal texture varies among individuals, and the belly texture is predominantly smooth in the center and granular laterally. However, some individuals have completely smooth bellies as opposed to textured, and some present distinct patterns. Lateral dorsal folds are common, but can be absent. Some individuals have “heavily stained” venters and the dorsum may have transverse and interorbital bars or other distinct patterns (de Olivera et al. 2020). Distribution and Habitat Country distribution from AmphibiaWeb's database: Brazil
Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors Comments PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS: Bayesian Inference of 16S and COI mtDNA of the P. conspicillatus group found that P. pictus is sister to P. latro. Together they are sister to the clade composed of P. giorgii and P. moa, which were described in the same publication as P. pictus (de Olivera et al. 2020).ETYMOLOGY: The species epithet, “pictus” is Latin and means “painted or stained”. This is in reference to the yellow spots they are adorned with across its body (de Olivera et al. 2020).
References
de Oliveira, E. A., da Silva, L. A., Silva, E. A. P., Guimarães, K. L. A., Penhacek, M., Martínez, J. G., Ribeiro Rodrigues, L. R., Santana, D. J., Hernández-Ruz, E. J. (2020). “Four new species of Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870 (Anura: Craugastoridae) in the eastern Amazon.” PLoS ONE, 15(11), e0243182 [link] Originally submitted by: Isabelle daSilva (2023-01-24) Description by: Isabelle daSilva (updated 2023-01-24)
Distribution by: Isabelle daSilva (updated 2023-01-24)
Life history by: Ann T. Chang (updated 2023-01-24)
Comments by: Ann T. Chang (updated 2023-01-24)
Edited by: Ann T. Chang (2023-01-24) Species Account Citation: AmphibiaWeb 2023 Pristimantis pictus <https://amphibiaweb.org/species/9151> University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Accessed Oct 11, 2024.
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Citation: AmphibiaWeb. 2024. <https://amphibiaweb.org> University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Accessed 11 Oct 2024. AmphibiaWeb's policy on data use. |