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Chytrid fungi and amphibian declines: Overview, implications and future directions. Pages 21-31 <i>in </i>A. Campbell, editor. Declines and Disappearances of Australian Frogs. Environment Australia, Canberra.</p> <p>Bishop, P. <i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis </i>identified from dying frogs in New Zealand. Confirmed by L. Berger. Unpublished data.</p> <p>Bonaccorso, E., J. M. Guayasamin, D. Mendez, and R. Speare. 2003. Chytridiomycosis as a possible cause of population declines in <i>Atelopus cruciger</i> (Anura: Bufonidae). Herpetological Review 34: 331-334.</p> <p>Bosch, J., I. Martínez-Solano, and M. García-París. 2001. Evidence of a chytrid fungus infection involved in the decline of the common midwife toad (<i>Alytes obstretricans</i>) in protected areas of central Spain. Biological Conservation 97: 331-337.</p> <p>Bosch, J., and I. Martínez-Solano. 2006. Chytrid fungus infection related to unusual mortalities of<i> Salamandra salamandra</i> and<i> Bufo bufo</i> in the Peñalara Natural Park (Central Spain). Oryx 40: 84-89.</p> <p>Bradley, G. A., P. C. Rosen, M. J. Sredl, T. R. Jones, and J. E. Longcore. 2002. Chytridiomycosis in three species of native Arizona frogs (<i>Rana yavapaiensis</i>, <i>Rana chiricauhuensis</i> and <i>Hyla arenicolor</i>). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 38: 206-212.</p> <p>Briggs, C., and S. Burgin. 2003. A rapid technique to detect chytrid infection in adult frogs. Herpetological Review 34: 124-126.</p> <p>Burrowes, P. A., R. L. Joglar, and D. E. Green. 2004. Potential causes for amphibian declines in Puerto Rico. Herpetologica 60:141-54.</p> <p>Carey, C., N. Cohen, and L. A. Rollins-Smith. 1999. Amphibian declines: an immunological perspective. Developmental Comparative Immunology 23: 459-472.</p> <p>Collins, J. P., J. L. Brunner, V. Miera, M. J. Parris, D. M. Schock, and A. Storfer. 2003. Ecology and evolution of infectious diseases. Pages 137-151 <i>in </i>R. D. Semlitsch, editor. Amphibian Conservation. Smithsonian Books, Washington D. C., USA.</p> <p>Davidson, D., A. P. Pessier, J. E. Longcore, M. Parris, J. Jancovich, J. Brunner, D. Schock, and J. P. Collins. 2000. Chytridiomycosis in Arizona (USA) tiger salamanders. Getting the Jump! on amphibian disease: Conference and workshop compendium. Cairns, Australia, 26-29 August.</p> <p>Davidson, D., M. Parris, J. P. Collins, J. E. Longcore, A. P. Pessier, and J. Brunner. 2003. Pathogenicity and transmission of chytridiomycosis in tiger salamanders (<i>Ambystoma tigrinum</i>). Copeia 2003: 601-607.</p> <p>Fellers, G. M., D. E. Green, and J. E. Longcore. 2001. Oral chytridiomycosis in the mountain yellow-legged frog (<i>Rana muscosa</i>). Copeia 2001: 945-953.</p> <p>Green, D. E., and C. Kagarise-Sherman. 2001. Diagnostic histological findings in Yosemite Toads (<i>Bufo canorus</i>) from a die-off in the 1970s. Journal of Herpetology 35: 92-103.</p> <p>Green, D. E., K. A. Converse, and A. K. Schrader. 2002. Epizootiology of sixty-four amphibian morbidity events in the USA, 1996-2001. Annals of the New York Academy of Science 969: 323-339.</p> <p>Herrera, R. A., M. M. Steciow, and G. S. Natale. 2005. Chytrid fungus parasitizing the wild amphibian <i>Leptodactylus ocellatus</i> (Anura: Leptodactylidae) in Argentina. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 64: 247-252.</p> <p>Hopkins, S., and A. Channing. 2003. Chytrid fungus in northern and western Cape frog populations, South Africa. Herpetological Review 34: 334-336.</p> <p>Lamirande, E. W., and D. K. Nichols. 2002. Effects of host age on susceptibility to cutaneous chytridiomycosis in blue and yellow poison dart frogs. (<i>Dendrobates tinctorius</i>). Pages 3-16 <i>in</i> Proceedings: 6th International Symposium on Pathology of Reptiles and Amphibians. University of Minnesota Printing Services, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.</p> <p>Lane, E. P., C. Weldon, and J. Bingham. 2003. Histological evidence of chytridiomycete fungal infection in a free-ranging amphibian, <i>Afrana fuscigula</i> (Anura: Ranidae), in South Africa. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 74: 20-21.</p> <p>Lips, K. R., D. E. Green, and R. Papendick. 2003. Chytridiomycosis in Wild Frogs from Southern Costa Rica. Journal of Herpetology 37: 215-218.</p> <p>Lips, K. R., J. R. Mendelson III, A. Muñoz-Alonso, L. Canseco-Márquez, and D. G. Mulcahy. 2004. Amphibian population declines in montane southern Mexico: resurveys of historical localities. Biological Conservation 119: 555-564.</p> <p>Longcore, J. E., Pessier, A. P. and Nichols, D. K. 1999. <i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis </i>gen. et sp. nov., a chytrid pathogenic to amphibians. Mycologia 91: 219-227.</p> <p>Mazzoni, R. 2000. Diseases in farmed American bull frog (<i>Rana catesbeiana</i> Shaw 1802) in Uruguay. Getting the Jump! on amphibian disease: Conference and workshop compendium. Cairns, Australia, 26-29 August.</p> <p>Morehouse, E. A., T. Y. James, A. R. D. Ganley, R. Vilgalys, L. Berger, P. J. Murphey, and J. E. Longcore. 2003. Multilocus sequence typing suggests the chytrid pathogen of amphibians is a recently emerged clone. Molecular Ecology 12: 395-403.</p> <p>Mutschmann, F. 2000. Berlin, Germany. Confirmed by L. Berger. Unpublished data.</p> <p>Nichols, D. K. 2003. Tracking down the killer chytrid of amphibians. Herpetological Review 34: 101-104.</p> <p>Norman, R., and B. Waldman. 2000. New Zealand Wildlife Health Centre, Massey University, and University of Canterbury, New Zealand. Confirmed by L. Berger. Unpublished data.</p> <p>Ouellet, M., I. Mikaelian, B. D. Pauli, J. Rodriguez, and D. M. Green. 2005. Historical evidence of widespread chytrid infection in North American amphibian populations. Conservation Biology 19: 1431-1440.</p> <p>Parker, J. M., I. Mikaelian, and H. E. Diggs. 2002. 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Amphibian declines in Ecuador: overview and first report of chytridiomycosis from South America. Froglog 42: 2-3.</p> <p>Ron, S. R., W. E. Duellman, L. A. Coloma, and M. R. Bustamante. 2003. Population decline of the Jambato Toad <i>Atelopus ignescens</i> (Anura, Bufonidae) in the Andes of Ecuador. Journal of Herpetology 37: 116-126.</p> <p>Speare, R., and L. Berger. 2005a. Chytridiomycosis in amphibians in Australia (web application). Amphibian Diseases Research Group, Townsville, Australia. Available from <a href="http://www.jcu.edu.au/school/phtm/PHTM/frogs/chyspec.htm">http://www.jcu.edu.au/school/phtm/PHTM/frogs/chyspec.htm</a> (accessed May 2005).</p> <p>Speare, R., and L. Berger. 2005b. Global distribution of chytridiomycosis in amphibians (web application). Amphibian Diseases Research Group, Townsville, Australia. 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