Hynobius vandenburghi Dunn, 1923
Yamato-sansyou-uwo; Yamato Salamander Subgenus: Hynobius | family: Hynobiidae subfamily: Hynobiinae genus: Hynobius |
Species Description: Dunn, E. R. (1923). "New species of Hynobius from Japan." Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th Series 12: 27–29. | |
Taxonomic Notes: Resurrected from synonymy with H. nebulosus by: Matsui M, Okawa H, Aoki G, Eto K, Yoshikawa N, Tanabe S, Misawa Y, Tominaga A (2019). "Systematics of the widely distributed clouded salamander, Hynobius nebulosus (Amhibia: Caudata: Hynobiidae) and its closest relatives." Current Herpetology 38:32-90. |
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Description Hynobius vandenburghi is closely related to H. setouchi and H. setoi. However, H. vandenburghi can be distinguished from H. setouchi, which has larger vomerine teeth. Additionally, H. vandenburghi can be distinguished from H. setoi by H. vandenburghi having a longer tail, larger number of costal grooves, smaller head, more narrow tail, and shorter hindlimbs (Matsui et al. 2019). Hynobius vandenburghi are typically dark brown without markings in life, with a white colored neck and a lighter colored underside. The throat can have white nuptial coloration. The tail of H. vandenburghi typically has yellow bands on the edges of the tail (Dunn 1923, Matsui et al. 2019). There was little variation in H. vandenburghi, however, some salamanders appeared to have a spotted dorsum (Matsui et al. 2019). Distribution and Habitat Country distribution from AmphibiaWeb's database: Japan
Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors Egg sacs are string-like and coiled with an envelope that is thin and wrinkled, but without striations. They range in length from 94 - 185 mm and range in width from 12 - 21 mm, and hold 65 - 113 eggs. Ova are 2.1 - 2.7 mm in diameter and are dark brown with a dark animal pole and lighter colored vegetal pole (Matsui et al. 2019). Larva Trends and Threats Relation to Humans Possible reasons for amphibian decline General habitat alteration and loss Comments Phylogenetic relationships Hynobius vandenburghi was formerly combined with H. nebulosus, but was split by Matsui et al. (2019). Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analyses of cytb mtDNA found that H. vandenburghi is sister to H. tokyoensis. The next most closely related species is H. setouchi. Molecular clock analysis estimated these splits occurred approximately 2.5 - 6 million years ago (Matsui et al. 2019). Etymology The specific name “vandenburghi” is dedicated to John Van Denburgh, who created the reptile and amphibian collection of the California Academy of Sciences (Matsui et al. 2019).
References
Dunn, E. R. (1923). “New species of Hynobius from Japan.” California Academy of Sciences 7, 27-29. IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. (2021). "Hynobius vandenburghi." The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e.T149668241A149668253. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T149668241A149668253.en. Accessed on 20 October 2022. Matsui, M., Okawa, H., Nishikawa, K., Aoki, G., Eto, K., Yoshikawa, N., Tanabe, S., Misawa, Y., Tominaga, A. (2019). “Systematics of the widely distributed Japanese clouded salamander, Hynobius nebulosus (Amphibia: Caudata: Hynobiidae) and its closest relatives.” Current Herpetology, 38, 32-90. [link] Sakai, Y., Kusakabe, A., Tsuchida, K., Tsuzuku, Y., Okada, S., Kitamura, T., Tomita, S., Mukai, T., Tagami, M., Takagi, M., Yaoi, Y., Minamoto, T. (2019). “Discovery of an unrecorded population of Yamato salamander (Hynobius vandenburghi) by GIS and eDNA analysis.” Environmental DNA 1, 281-289. [link] Originally submitted by: Rafael Adrian Álvarez, Don Elijah Atienza, Megan Clare Chae Hong (2022-11-07) Description by: Rafael Adrian Álvarez, Don Elijah Atienza, Megan Clare Chae Hong (updated 2022-11-07)
Distribution by: Rafael Adrian Álvarez, Don Elijah Atienza, Megan Clare Chae Hong (updated 2022-11-07)
Life history by: Rafael Adrian Álvarez, Don Elijah Atienza, Megan Clare Chae Hong (updated 2022-11-07)
Larva by: Rafael Adrian Álvarez, Don Elijah Atienza, Megan Clare Chae Hong (updated 2022-11-07)
Trends and threats by: Rafael Adrian Álvarez, Don Elijah Atienza, Megan Clare Chae Hong (updated 2022-11-07)
Relation to humans by: Rafael Adrian Álvarez, Don Elijah Atienza, Megan Clare Chae Hong (updated 2022-11-07)
Comments by: Rafael Adrian Álvarez, Don Elijah Atienza, Megan Clare Chae Hong (updated 2022-11-07)
Edited by: Ann T. Chang (2022-11-07) Species Account Citation: AmphibiaWeb 2022 Hynobius vandenburghi: Yamato-sansyou-uwo; Yamato Salamander <https://amphibiaweb.org/species/8974> University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Accessed May 30, 2023.
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Citation: AmphibiaWeb. 2023. <https://amphibiaweb.org> University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Accessed 30 May 2023. AmphibiaWeb's policy on data use. |