Centrolenidae (see family information on Tree of Life site)
Glass Frogs Centrolenid frogs derive their common name from the transparent venter, through which internal organs can be seen in many species. Most Centrolenids are a shade of green, ranging from light lime green to dark green. Members of this family also have green bones as a result of green bile salts. Studies have shown that glass frogs contain a unique pigment in their skin that reflects the same wavelength infrared radiation that plants do, possibly another adaptation for concealment.Most glass frogs are small (30 mm) with one exception, Centrolene gekkoideum, which attains a length of 77 mm. Eggs are usually deposited on rocks or plants overhanging water, and are sometimes guarded by territorial males. The larvae drop into the water upon hatching and burrow in the sand or detritus at the bottom.
Species of this group occur from Venezuela down through Bolivia, Argentina, and southern Brazil in high montane habitats with streams.
Morphological characters uniting this clade are: 1) astragalus and calcaneum completely fused (convergent with Pelodytidae); 2) dilated medial process on third metacarpal; 3) T-shaped terminal phalanges (convergent with other groups); 4) 8 presacral vertebrae; 5) ribs absent; 6) pectoral girdle arciferal; 7) palatines present; 8) ventral side and sometimes GI organs transparent
Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni
Photo by Twan Leenders
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Genus Celsiella (2 species)
Celsiella revocata no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Celsiella vozmedianoi no species account photos no range maps no sounds
Genus Centrolene (36 species)
Centrolene acanthidiocephalum no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene altitudinale no species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene antioquiense no species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene audax no species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene azulae species account no photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene bacatum no species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene ballux no species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene buckleyi no species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene condor no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene daidaleum species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene durrellorum no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene fernandoi no species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene geckoideum no species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene gemmatum no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene grandisonae no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene guanacarum species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene heloderma no species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene hesperium no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene huilense species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene hybrida species account no photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene lemniscatum no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene lynchi no species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene medemi no species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene muelleri no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene notostictum species account no photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene paezorum no species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene peristictum no species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene petrophilum species account no photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene pipilatum no species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene quindianum species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene robledoi species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene sanchezi species account no photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene savagei species account photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene scirtetes no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene solitaria species account no photos no range maps no sounds Centrolene venezuelense no species account no photos no range maps no sounds
Genus Chimerella (1 species)
Chimerella mariaelenae no species account photos no range maps no sounds
Genus Cochranella (21 species)
Cochranella adenocheira no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella ametarsia no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella balionota no species account photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella croceopodes no species account photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella duidaeana no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella euhystrix no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella euknemos species account photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella geijskesi no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella granulosa species account photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella litoralis species account no photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella mache species account photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella megista no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella nola species account photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella ocellifera no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella orejuela no species account photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella phryxa species account no photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella ramirezi species account no photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella resplendens no species account photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella ritae species account no photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella riveroi no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Cochranella xanthocheridia species account no photos no range maps no sounds
Genus Espadarana (3 species)
Espadarana andina species account photos no range maps no sounds Espadarana callistomma no species account photos no range maps no sounds Espadarana prosoblepon species account photos no range maps no sounds
Genus Hyalinobatrachium (29 species)
Hyalinobatrachium aureoguttatum no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium bergeri no species account photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium carlesvilai no species account photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium chirripoi species account photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium colymbiphyllum species account photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium crurifasciatum no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium duranti no species account photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium eccentricum no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium esmeralda no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni species account photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium fragile no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium guairarepanense no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium iaspidiense no species account photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium ibama no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium ignioculus no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium lemur no species account photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium mondolfii no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium munozorum no species account photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium orientale no species account photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium orocostale no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium pallidum no species account photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium pellucidum no species account photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium petersi no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium ruedai no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium talamancae species account photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium tatayoi no species account photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium taylori no species account photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium valerioi species account photos no range maps no sounds Hyalinobatrachium vireovittatum species account photos no range maps no sounds
Genus Ikakogi (1 species)
Ikakogi tayrona species account no photos no range maps no sounds
Genus Nymphargus (33 species)
Nymphargus anomalus no species account photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus armatus no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus bejaranoi no species account photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus buenaventura no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus cariticommatus no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus chami species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus chancas no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus cochranae no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus cristinae species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus garciae species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus griffithsi no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus ignotus no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus laurae species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus luminosus species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus luteopunctatus species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus mariae no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus megacheirus no species account photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus mixomaculatus no species account photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus nephelophila species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus ocellatus no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus oreonympha species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus phenax no species account photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus pluvialis no species account photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus posadae species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus prasinus no species account photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus puyoensis species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus rosadus no species account photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus ruizi no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus siren no species account photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus spilotus no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus truebae no species account photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus vicenteruedai no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Nymphargus wileyi no species account photos no range maps no sounds
Genus Rulyrana (8 species)
Rulyrana adiazeta species account photos no range maps no sounds Rulyrana erminea species account no photos no range maps no sounds Rulyrana flavopunctata no species account photos no range maps no sounds Rulyrana mcdiarmidi no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Rulyrana saxiscandens no species account photos no range maps no sounds Rulyrana spiculata no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Rulyrana susatamai species account photos no range maps no sounds Rulyrana tangarana no species account photos no range maps no sounds
Genus Sachatamia (3 species)
Sachatamia albomaculata species account photos no range maps no sounds Sachatamia ilex species account photos no range maps no sounds Sachatamia punctulata species account photos no range maps no sounds
Genus Teratohyla (5 species)
Teratohyla amelie species account no photos no range maps no sounds Teratohyla midas no species account photos no range maps no sounds Teratohyla pulverata species account photos no range maps no sounds Teratohyla sornozai species account no photos no range maps no sounds Teratohyla spinosa species account photos no range maps no sounds
Genus Vitreorana (8 species)
Vitreorana antisthenesi no species account photos no range maps no sounds Vitreorana castroviejoi no species account photos no range maps no sounds Vitreorana eurygnatha species account photos no range maps no sounds Vitreorana gorzulae species account no photos no range maps no sounds Vitreorana helenae no species account no photos no range maps no sounds Vitreorana oyampiensis species account no photos no range maps sounds Vitreorana parvula species account no photos no range maps no sounds Vitreorana uranoscopa species account photos no range maps no sounds
Citation: AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. 2010. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. Available: http://amphibiaweb.org/. (Accessed: 2010).
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